Narrative Therapy
A therapy approach that helps people separate themselves from problem-saturated stories about their lives and construct more empowering personal narratives.
What Is Narrative Therapy?
Narrative therapy is a therapeutic approach based on the idea that people make sense of their lives through stories, and that psychological difficulties can be understood as problem-saturated narratives. Therapy helps people externalize problems (viewing the problem as separate from their identity) and construct alternative, more empowering stories about their lives.
How It Works
Narrative therapy is grounded in the view that identity is shaped by the stories people tell about themselves, and that these stories can be re-authored. Techniques include externalizing language (e.g., discussing “the anxiety” rather than “my anxiety”) and identifying exceptions to the problem story. This description uses original explanatory language.
What Happens During Therapy?
Sessions typically involve exploring the person’s current narrative about their difficulties, identifying moments that contradict or complicate this narrative, and collaboratively constructing a more empowering alternative story.
Evidence and Effectiveness
Research on narrative therapy is more limited compared to structured therapies, though some studies support its use for depression, trauma-related distress, and family and relational difficulties.
Who May Benefit?
Narrative therapy may be considered for people interested in exploring how personal stories shape their identity and difficulties, particularly those who feel defined or limited by a problem.
Limitations and Considerations
The evidence base for narrative therapy is smaller than for more established, manualized approaches, and its conceptual, story-based framework may not suit everyone’s preferences.
Finding a Qualified Therapist
Narrative therapy is practiced by licensed clinical social workers, licensed marriage and family therapists, psychologists, and other mental health professionals with specific narrative therapy training.
How Long Does Therapy Take?
Narrative therapy length varies depending on the person’s goals and the complexity of the concerns addressed.
Therapy vs. Medication
Narrative therapy is a psychotherapy approach; medication may be appropriate for certain co-occurring conditions in consultation with a qualified healthcare professional.
What Conditions Is It Used For?
Related Therapy Types
Medical Information Disclaimer
Ratel Health provides general educational information and does not provide medical diagnosis, treatment, or individualized medical advice. Information on this page is not a substitute for evaluation or care from a qualified healthcare professional. Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or another person, or to start, stop, or change treatment or medication without consulting an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
References
- American Psychological Association. Clinical Practice Guidelines.
- American Psychiatric Association. Practice Guidelines.
- National Institute of Mental Health. Psychotherapies.