Gambling Disorder
A behavioral addiction involving persistent, problematic gambling behavior leading to significant impairment or distress.
Overview
Gambling disorder involves persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, and is the primary behavioral addiction recognized alongside substance use disorders.
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms can include needing to gamble with increasing amounts to achieve excitement, unsuccessful efforts to cut back, preoccupation with gambling, and gambling to escape distress. Experiencing one or more of these symptoms does not necessarily mean that a person has this condition. Diagnosis requires an appropriate clinical evaluation.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause is not fully understood. Genetic vulnerability, co-occurring mental health conditions, and reward-system changes similar to substance use disorders are each associated with gambling disorder.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis should be made by a qualified healthcare professional following a comprehensive clinical assessment. Clinicians may use established diagnostic frameworks such as DSM-5-TR and/or ICD-11 as part of a comprehensive assessment.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the individual’s symptoms, clinical history, severity, age, co-occurring conditions, and other relevant factors.
Psychotherapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational approaches have evidence supporting their use.
Living With Gambling Disorder
Limiting access to gambling opportunities, addressing financial stress, and peer support programs can aid recovery.
When to Seek Professional Help
Professional evaluation may be appropriate if symptoms persist, worsen, cause significant distress, or interfere with work, school, or relationships.
Emergency Situations
If a person may be in immediate danger, is experiencing a medical or psychiatric emergency, or may harm themselves or another person, seek immediate assistance through appropriate local emergency services.
Outlook
Many people achieve significant reduction in gambling behavior with structured treatment and support.
Related Conditions
Medical Information Disclaimer
Ratel Health provides general educational information and does not provide medical diagnosis, treatment, or individualized medical advice. Information on this page is not a substitute for evaluation or care from a qualified healthcare professional. Do not use this information to diagnose yourself or another person, or to start, stop, or change treatment or medication without consulting an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.
References
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR).
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
- National Institute on Drug Abuse.
- World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision.